What types of gay men are there
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There are many patients missing from community heart failure registers which may detriment patient outcome and practice income. Amongst patients without heart failure who were taking a loop diuretic, the rate of incident heart failure was 13% and the rate of death or hospitalization with heart failure was 25% respectively during two-year follow-up. Inaccurate coding accounted for the majority of missing patients. Heart failure prevalence was 0.63% at baseline and 1.12% after the audit. Outcome data for patients without heart failure was collected after two years. Heart failure was then confirmed or excluded based on the electronic records by a heart failure specialist nurse and patients added to the register.
#WHAT TYPES OF GAY MEN ARE THERE SOFTWARE#
The design of this study was as an audit of clinical practice at a UK general practice ( n = 9390).Īudit software (ENHANCE-HF) was used to identify patients who may have heart failure via a series of hierarchical searches of electronic records. Using an audit of clinical practice, we set out to investigate if there are patients 'missing' from primary care heart failure registers and what the underlying mechanisms might be. The prevalence of heart failure recorded in primary care registers (0.7-1.0%) is less than reported in epidemiological studies (3-5%). Thus, same-sex relationships and sexual behavior may be perceptually framed, understood, and possibly structured in ways similar to stereotypes about opposite-sex relationships, suggesting that people may rely on these inferences to form accurate perceptions.General practitioners in the UK are financially incentivised, via the Quality Outcomes Framework, to maintain a record of all patients at their practice with heart failure and manage them appropriately. Together, these results suggest that people rely on perceptions of characteristics relevant to stereotypical male-female gender roles and heterosexual relationships to accurately infer sexual roles in same-sex relationships. Moreover, in Study 2, we determined that the relationship between men’s perceived and actual sexual roles was mediated by perceived masculinity.
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In Study 1, we found that naïve observers were able to discern men’s sexual roles from photos of their faces with accuracy that was significantly greater than chance guessing. Although some research suggests that the perceptions of potential partners’ sexual roles in gay men’s relationships can affect whether a man will adopt the role of top or bottom during sexual intercourse, it remains unclear whether sexual roles could be perceived accurately by naïve observers. “In intercourse between men, one of the partners typically assumes the role of an insertive partner (top) while the other assumes a receptive role (bottom). The authors conclude with this tantalizing suggestion: “it is possible that similar effects may be found in opposite-sex relationships: women may be able to identify submissive versus dominant men from brief observations of appearance or behavior.” Accurate Identification of a Preference for Insertive Versus Receptive Intercourse from Static Facial Cues of Gay Men Interestingly, they chose the correct roles at a rate better than chance, although they were biased towards choosing the male-stereotypical “top” role.Īs you might have guessed, the participants were using cues related to masculinity (e.g., thick eyebrows, large noses) to make their choices. The participants were asked to look at 200 photographs of gay men found on an online dating site (100 tops, 100 bottoms) and categorize them as tops or bottoms. To find out, the authors of this study recruited 23 participants from Amazon’s mTurk (including 7 females). But can facial differences be used to distinguish between different types of gay men - specifically, those who define themselves as “tops” versus “bottoms”? It’s been known for a while that it takes less than a second for people to use their internal “gaydar” to decide if they think a man is homosexual or heterosexual, and such snap judgements tend to be right.